International Board of Certified Lactation Consultant (IBCLC) Practice Exam

Which type of breastfeeding condition is associated with pain and inflammation in breast tissue?

1. Mastitis

2. Agalactia

3. Galactorrhea

4. Let-down reflex

The correct answer is: Mastitis

Mastitis is a condition associated with pain and inflammation in the breast tissue. It typically occurs when bacteria enter the breast tissue, often through a cracked or sore nipple, leading to infection. This inflammation can cause significant pain, swelling, redness, and warmth in the affected area. Additionally, mastitis can be accompanied by systemic symptoms like fever and flu-like symptoms, making it a significant concern for breastfeeding mothers. Understanding mastitis is crucial for lactation consultants, as prompt recognition and treatment are essential to maintaining breastfeeding success and maternal well-being. In contrast, agalactia refers to the absence of milk production, and thus does not involve inflammation or pain of breast tissue. Galactorrhea is characterized by inappropriate lactation not associated with childbirth and is often a result of hormonal imbalances, which does not include inflammation or pain as primary symptoms. The let-down reflex is a physiological response that facilitates milk ejection from the breast during breastfeeding and does not cause pain or inflammation directly, although some mothers may experience discomfort if there are issues unrelated to the reflex itself. Understanding these distinctions is integral for effective breastfeeding support.