International Board of Certified Lactation Consultant (IBCLC) Practice Exam

Which side effect is sometimes seen in patients taking metoclopramide?

1. Severe fatigue

2. Agitated depression

3. Hyperactivity

4. Weight gain

The correct answer is: Agitated depression

Metoclopramide is a medication commonly used to treat gastrointestinal conditions such as nausea and gastroparesis. One of the notable side effects associated with metoclopramide is the potential for psychiatric effects, including agitated depression. This is particularly relevant in patients who may already be predisposed to mood disorders, as metoclopramide can influence neurotransmitter pathways in the brain, particularly those involving serotonin and dopamine. Disruptions in these pathways can lead to mood changes, which might manifest as agitation or depressive symptoms. This side effect is more pronounced in patients who use metoclopramide for extended periods. It's crucial for healthcare providers to monitor patients on this medication for any emerging mood disturbances, especially in populations that may be vulnerable. In contrast, while fatigue is a common complaint among various medications, metoclopramide is not predominantly associated with severe fatigue as a primary side effect. Similarly, hyperactivity is not a typical reaction and tends to be more linked to stimulant medications than to metoclopramide. Weight gain could be a concern with long-term usage of various medications, but it's not a widely recognized side effect of metoclopramide specifically. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms and side effects of metoclop