International Board of Certified Lactation Consultant (IBCLC) Practice Exam

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Which bacteria is commonly associated with powdered infant formula and poses a risk to young infants?

Escherichia coli
Salmonella
Cronobacter sakazakii
Staphylococcus aureus

The correct answer is: Cronobacter sakazakii

Cronobacter sakazakii is a bacteria that has gained attention due to its association with powdered infant formula and the potential risks it poses to young infants. This organism can survive in dry environments and is notably resilient to heat, allowing it to persist in powdered formulas even after processing. Infants, particularly those who are premature or have compromised immune systems, are especially vulnerable to infections caused by Cronobacter sakazakii. These infections can lead to severe outcomes, including meningitis, sepsis, and necrotizing enterocolitis. The World Health Organization has recognized the risks associated with feeding powdered infant formula, especially when it is not properly prepared or handled, which can lead to the introduction of this harmful bacteria into the infant's system. Ensuring safe practices around the preparation of formula, including proper hygiene and handling, is critical to protect infants from the risks associated with Cronobacter sakazakii. This highlights the importance of educating caregivers on safe feeding practices and the potential dangers associated with powdered formulas, further underscoring why this specific bacterium is a notable concern in pediatric health care.