International Board of Certified Lactation Consultant (IBCLC) Practice Exam

What is the primary role of myoepithelial cells in breastfeeding?

1. To stimulate milk production

2. To help with milk ejection

3. To provide structural support

4. To supply nutrients

The correct answer is: To help with milk ejection

Myoepithelial cells play a crucial role in the breastfeeding process primarily by aiding in milk ejection. These specialized contractile cells are located between the glandular epithelial cells and the basement membrane of the mammary glands. When the baby suckles, nerve signals trigger the release of oxytocin from the mother's pituitary gland. Oxytocin causes myoepithelial cells to contract, which in turn helps to squeeze the milk from the alveoli into the ducts of the breast, allowing it to flow to the nipple and be accessed by the infant. This function is vital for effective breastfeeding, as milk ejection not only facilitates the infant's feeding but also ensures that the mother can provide adequate milk supply. Understanding the mechanics of how myoepithelial cells contribute to this process highlights their importance in the overall breastfeeding experience, emphasizing that their primary role is not to stimulate milk production, provide structural support, or supply nutrients directly, but rather to support the process of milk release itself during nursing.