International Board of Certified Lactation Consultant (IBCLC) Practice Exam

What is the effect of cortisol during lactation?

1. It decreases milk supply

2. It enhances milk production

3. It stabilizes blood sugar

4. It is related to the let-down reflex

The correct answer is: It enhances milk production

Cortisol plays a complex role during lactation. While it is primarily known as a stress hormone that prepares the body to respond to stress, it also has a positive impact on the production of milk. Cortisol helps regulate various physiological processes, including metabolism, which can affect energy levels and nutritional status. During lactation, appropriate cortisol levels can support the synthesis of breast milk components, particularly the energy-rich milk required for infant growth. Cortisol is involved in stimulating the production of specific proteins and enzymes necessary for milk synthesis. It contributes to maintaining the overall health of the lactating individual and ensuring that the milk produced meets the nutritional needs of the infant. Understanding the hormone's role emphasizes the importance of managing stress levels in breastfeeding individuals, as elevated chronic stress may lead to dysregulation of cortisol, potentially impacting milk production negatively. However, within normal ranges, cortisol serves as a facilitator for effective lactation.